Consider this research question: “What is the health-seeking behaviour of parents whose children have upper respiratory tract infection, and what are the associated factors?” I would develop a conceptual framework ( Figure 1, ) based on literature review, established theoretical framework and discussion with experts in that field. The researcher needs to be very clear about his research questions and what “dependent” and “independent” factors he intends to investigate. The first step of designing of a good questionnaire is to construct a conceptual framework. However, the presence of an interviewer may “pressurise” the respondents to give “appropriate” rather than truthful answers. face-to-face interview or telephone interview), the questions can be more complex as they can be clarified by the interviewers. On the other hand, in an interviewer-administered questionnaire (e.g. The respondents are more likely to answer truthfully without prompting from an interviewer. postal survey) should have very clear instructions and questions, follow a logical order and avoid complex filtering. Each type of survey requires a slightly different design. A bad questionnaire renders the results uninterpretable, or worse, may lead to erroneous conclusions.Ī survey can come in many forms: postal survey, telephone interviews, face-to-face interviews and internet surveys. Hence, the design of the questionnaire is of utmost importance to ensure accurate data is collected so that the results are interpretable and generalisable.
A questionnaire is a very convenient way of collecting information from a large number of people within a period of time. In a survey, the researcher uses a questionnaire to gather information from the respondents to answer the research questions.
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